Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: MCQ bank

In adults with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), roughly how are B and T lineage cases divided?

1. AAbout 50% each
2. BAbout 75% B, 25% T
3. CAbout 25% B, 75% T
4. DOver 99% B
5. EAbout 90% T

Which age pattern fits ALL?

1. AMainly people over 80, rarely younger
2. BEqually common at every age of life
3. COnly adults aged between 30 and 50
4. DOnly infants under one year of age
5. EMostly children; second peak after 60

A patient has a mediastinal mass of lymphoblasts and 8% marrow blasts. What is the diagnosis?

1. AAcute lymphoblastic leukaemia
2. BClassic Hodgkin lymphoma
3. CAcute myeloid leukaemia
4. DThymic carcinoma
5. ELymphoblastic lymphoma

This schematic blood film shows many small-to-medium blasts with scant, granule-free cytoplasm. Which test decides whether they are lymphoid or myeloid?

1. AFlow cytometry (immunophenotype)
2. BKaryotype alone
3. CSerum LDH
4. DAntigen-receptor gene rearrangement
5. EMorphology alone

Which pair of findings is typical of lymphoblasts?

1. ASurface immunoglobulin and MYC rearrangement
2. BTdT positive, myeloperoxidase negative
3. CAuer rods and CD117
4. DTdT negative, myeloperoxidase positive
5. EBoth TdT and myeloperoxidase positive

Which markers define B lineage in ALL?

1. ACD13, CD33, CD117 and MPO
2. BCytoplasmic CD3 with CD7 and CD5
3. CCD41 and CD61 on megakaryoblasts
4. DCD19, cytoplasmic CD79a, CD22
5. ECD138 and CD38 on plasma cells

Which markers define T lineage in ALL?

1. ACD19 with CD10 and CD79a
2. BCytoplasmic or surface CD3 with CD7
3. CCD13 with CD33 and CD117
4. DCD34 with HLA-DR and nothing else
5. ECD20 with CD5 and CD23

A 19-year-old man has cough, breathlessness when lying flat and a swollen face. This is his schematic chest X-ray. What is the key safety step?

1. AStart a full course of anti-tuberculosis treatment
2. BBronchoscopy under general anaesthesia today
3. CCT-guided biopsy with the patient lying flat
4. DAssess airway, SVC and pericardium before sedation
5. EArrange mediastinoscopy before any imaging

A 7-year-old has a limp, joint pain and a low platelet count. What should you consider?

1. AA sprain only
2. BGrowing pains only
3. CLeukaemia rather than arthritis alone
4. DVitamin D deficiency only
5. EJuvenile arthritis only, without further tests

Which constitutional condition is associated with a higher risk of ALL?

1. ACystic fibrosis
2. BDown syndrome
3. CTurner syndrome
4. DHaemophilia A
5. EMarfan syndrome

Why is BCR::ABL1 sent on the first day in a new adult with ALL?

1. AIt is needed before any blood transfusion
2. BIt confirms T lineage
3. CIt decides the CNS grade
4. DIt predicts allergy to asparaginase
5. EIt changes induction within days

About what proportion of adult ALL is Philadelphia-positive?

1. AAbout 5%
2. B75%
3. C25–30%
4. DAll cases
5. EUnder 1%

When is the diagnostic lumbar puncture usually done in ALL?

1. ABefore any blood test is done, on the day of admission
2. BAt the end of maintenance, to confirm cure
3. COnly at relapse, never at the time of diagnosis
4. DOnly if the patient develops a headache during treatment
5. EOnce blood blasts have cleared, with the first intrathecal

How is CNS-3 disease defined?

1. ABlasts with ≥5 WBC/µL in the fluid, or a cranial nerve palsy
2. BA raised CSF protein alone, without any lymphoblasts
3. CLymphoblasts with fewer than 5 WBC/µL in the spinal fluid
4. DAny headache during induction, whatever the fluid shows
5. ENo lymphoblasts at all in the spinal fluid sample

A 22-year-old man is about to start ALL treatment. Which is offered before treatment?

1. AFertility counselling and sperm banking
2. BTestosterone injections
3. CNothing, as induction always causes sterility
4. DOrchidectomy
5. EVasectomy

Which induction is preferred for a fit 25-year-old with Ph-negative ALL?

1. AImatinib with a steroid alone, without chemotherapy
2. BVenetoclax with azacitidine, as in older adults
3. CLow-dose cytarabine given under the skin
4. DAllogeneic transplant without any induction
5. EA paediatric-inspired, asparaginase-rich regimen

A 45-year-old has CD20-positive B-ALL (CD20 on 40% of blasts). What is added to induction?

1. AMidostaurin
2. BNelarabine
3. CGemtuzumab
4. DImatinib
5. ERituximab

How long is a TKI given in Ph-positive ALL?

1. AOnly after an allogeneic transplant
2. BOnly at relapse
3. COnly during induction
4. DFrom day 1, through every phase
5. EOnly if the BCR::ABL1 level starts to rise

After induction, MRD is 10⁻³ (0.1%) in a fit 35-year-old with Ph-negative B-ALL. What next?

1. AMaintenance tablets only
2. BRepeat induction with the same drugs only
3. CBlinatumomab, then allogeneic transplant
4. DCranial radiotherapy alone
5. EStop treatment and watch

What does blinatumomab target?

1. ACD19 and CD3
2. BBCR::ABL1 kinase
3. CCD20 alone
4. DCD33 and CD3
5. ECD22 alone

Inotuzumab ozogamicin is an antibody-drug conjugate against which antigen?

1. ACD19
2. BCD30
3. CCD20
4. DCD33
5. ECD22

How long does ALL maintenance usually last, and what does it contain?

1. A≥2 years: daily 6-MP, weekly methotrexate
2. BNone: maintenance is not needed after consolidation
3. COne month of high-dose steroids, then nothing
4. DSix months of weekly injections in hospital
5. ELifelong daily TKI tablets for every patient

Counts fall sharply on standard 6-mercaptopurine doses. Which test explains this?

1. AG6PD activity
2. BTPMT and NUDT15
3. CHLA typing
4. DAntithrombin level
5. EBCR::ABL1 PCR

How is the tumour lysis risk of ALL classified?

1. AHigh only in T-ALL
2. BNever low: high or intermediate
3. CLow unless the patient is over 60
4. DUnrelated to white count or LDH
5. EAlways low

Which complication is especially linked with asparaginase?

1. AVenous thrombosis
2. BPeripheral neuropathy with foot drop
3. CPulmonary fibrosis on lung function
4. DHearing loss at high frequencies
5. EPleural effusion from capillary leak

Why are azole antifungals avoided around vincristine doses where possible?

1. AThey trigger tumour lysis during induction
2. BThey make vincristine ineffective
3. CThey worsen neuropathy and ileus
4. DThey cause effusions
5. EThey inactivate asparaginase in the blood

Testicular involvement has not resolved by the end of induction. What is done?

1. ACranial radiotherapy only
2. BTesticular biopsy every month
3. CRadiotherapy 24 Gy to both testes
4. DNo further action
5. EOrchidectomy of the involved testis

Which late effect is particularly linked with dexamethasone in adolescents?

1. APulmonary fibrosis
2. BOsteonecrosis
3. CCataract only in infants
4. DHearing loss
5. EKidney stones

What is the advice on vaccines during ALL chemotherapy?

1. AVaccines are needed only 10 years after treatment
2. BOnly the BCG vaccine, repeated each year
3. CNo live vaccines; influenza vaccine for the family
4. DNo vaccines at all for anyone in the household
5. EAll live vaccines should be given at once to protect

In Indian ALL series, how common are non-adherence and abandonment of treatment?

1. AAbout 50%
2. BAbout 75%
3. C11–15%
4. D1%
5. EThey do not occur

These schematic flow cytometry plots are from marrow blasts. What is the diagnosis?

1. AT-lymphoblastic leukaemia
2. BBurkitt leukaemia
3. CB-lymphoblastic leukaemia
4. DAcute myeloid leukaemia
5. EChronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Blasts are CD19+, cytoplasmic CD79a+, MPO− and also express CD13 and CD33. What is the diagnosis?

1. AMixed-phenotype leukaemia by definition
2. BB-ALL
3. CAML, because CD13 and CD33 are present
4. DCML in chronic phase
5. ET-ALL with aberrant B markers

Leukaemic cells are TdT-negative, carry surface immunoglobulin and have a MYC rearrangement. What is this?

1. AMixed-phenotype leukaemia
2. BBurkitt lymphoma/leukaemia
3. CEarly T-cell precursor ALL
4. DPh-like ALL
5. EPro-B ALL

A mediastinal mass contains many immature T cells. Which finding favours a type B1 thymoma over T-LBL?

1. AA raised LDH with high uric acid
2. BA monoclonal T-cell receptor gene rearrangement
3. CKeratin-positive epithelium, polyclonal thymocytes
4. DA marrow aspirate with 25% lymphoblasts
5. ETdT-positive cells growing in confluent sheets

The diagnostic lumbar puncture is traumatic and blood contains blasts. When is it called CNS-3?

1. ANever: a traumatic tap cannot ever be graded
2. BOnly if a cranial nerve palsy develops later on
3. CWhen the CSF glucose is lower than the blood glucose
4. DCSF WBC:RBC ratio ≥2× the blood ratio
5. EWhenever any blast is seen

How should the marrow sample for MRD be taken at count recovery?

1. AAspirates pooled from both iliac crests
2. BPeripheral blood only, in every B-ALL
3. CA trephine in formalin, without aspirate
4. DThe last 20 mL of the aspirate pull
5. EThe first 2–5 mL of the aspirate

Which MRD method can detect one leukaemic cell among a million?

1. AFlow cytometry with 6–8 colours
2. BKaryotype
3. CNGS of Ig/TCR rearrangements
4. DRoutine microscopy
5. EExpert microscopy

Why should the first diagnostic sample be kept?

1. APCR MRD needs the clone's own Ig/TCR markers
2. BIt is needed to repeat the karyotype every month
3. CIt confirms the HLA type for the donor search
4. DIt is used to grow a personal cancer vaccine
5. ELaboratories must legally keep it for 50 years

Which statement about Ph-like ALL is correct?

1. AIt is a favourable subtype with excellent results
2. BIt always carries the BCR::ABL1 fusion gene
3. CIt occurs only in young children, never in adults
4. DBCR::ABL1-like expression without the fusion
5. EIt is a subtype of T-ALL defined by NOTCH1

Which feature makes Ph-negative B-ALL high risk under the modified Hoelzer criteria?

1. AWhite count 45,000/µL
2. BCD10-positive (common) phenotype
3. CWhite count 20,000/µL
4. DAge 30
5. ERemission reached by week 3

In E1910, what did adding blinatumomab to consolidation do for adults in MRD-negative remission?

1. AReplaced the need for maintenance
2. BLowered survival because of neurotoxicity
3. CMade no difference
4. DRaised 3-year survival from 68% to 85%
5. EHelped only Ph-positive patients

A 68-year-old with Ph-positive ALL is not fit for intensive chemotherapy. Which approach fits?

1. AA TKI with a steroid or gentle chemotherapy
2. BHyper-CVAD without a TKI, at reduced intensity
3. CRituximab alone, given weekly for a month
4. DSupportive care only, as cure is not possible
5. EAllogeneic transplant at once, before any TKI

In Ph-positive ALL on dasatinib, BCR::ABL1 MRD starts to rise. What is done?

1. AStop all TKIs and watch the counts closely
2. BAdd rituximab to the dasatinib and continue
3. CContinue the same TKI
4. DGive cranial radiotherapy as the next step
5. EMutation test and a TKI switch

A patient with Ph-positive ALL has a history of pleural effusions and heart failure. Which TKI is best avoided?

1. APonatinib
2. BImatinib
3. CNone, all are equivalent
4. DDasatinib
5. EAny TKI must be avoided

After allogeneic transplant for Ph-positive ALL, how long is the TKI continued?

1. AOnly if GVHD develops
2. BAt least 1 year
3. CIt is never used after transplant
4. DOnly 1 month
5. EIt is stopped on the day of transplant

A fit 40-year-old has first relapse of Ph-negative B-ALL; blasts are CD19+ and CD22+. Which first salvage became standard?

1. ABlinatumomab or inotuzumab, then transplant
2. BA TKI alone, as in Ph-positive disease
3. CThe original induction regimen repeated at once
4. DPalliative care only, as cure is not possible
5. ENelarabine-based chemotherapy as first salvage

Why is inotuzumab given, if possible, not immediately before an allogeneic transplant?

1. AIt causes severe graft-versus-host disease
2. BIt causes severe neuropathy after transplant
3. CIt destroys the donor T cells in the graft
4. DHigher risk of liver veno-occlusive disease
5. EIt prevents the donor cells from engrafting

B-ALL relapses after CD19 CAR-T therapy. Which test is essential before choosing the next treatment?

1. ATPMT and NUDT15 testing before any treatment
2. BA serum IgG level to plan immunoglobulin
3. CA repeat lumbar puncture
4. DA chest X-ray to look for a mediastinal mass
5. ERecheck CD19, CD22 and CD20

Relapsed ALL with a KMT2A rearrangement can be treated with which drug?

1. AImatinib
2. BATRA
3. CRevumenib
4. DIvosidenib
5. ERituximab

T-ALL relapses in a 30-year-old. Which approach fits?

1. ABlinatumomab, then transplant if in remission
2. BNelarabine-based chemotherapy, then transplant
3. CA TKI alone, continued for at least two years
4. DInotuzumab, then transplant if in remission
5. ERituximab with chemotherapy, then maintenance

Which approach is suggested for an older, unfit adult with T-ALL?

1. ABlinatumomab alone
2. BMini-hyper-CVD with venetoclax
3. CRituximab-based chemotherapy
4. DInotuzumab with dexamethasone
5. ESupportive care is the only option

Which preparation is needed before high-dose methotrexate?

1. AWithhold leucovorin until day 7, then start it
2. BRestrict fluids to protect the kidneys from overload
3. CGive a PPI and an NSAID for comfort during it
4. DLeave effusions in place and drain them afterwards
5. EHydrate, alkalinise, drain effusions, stop PPIs

What does ISTH guidance suggest during asparaginase treatment in adults?

1. AStop asparaginase in every adult, whatever the risk
2. BNo measures, because clots never occur with asparaginase
3. CPlatelet transfusions to keep the count above 200,000/µL
4. DLMW heparin if platelets ≥30,000/µL; replace low antithrombin
5. EFull-dose warfarin for everyone from the first day of induction

A cerebral sinus thrombosis develops during asparaginase treatment. What is done?

1. AHold asparaginase; LMW heparin; consider resuming later
2. BStop all ALL treatment permanently and observe
3. CContinue asparaginase unchanged and add daily aspirin
4. DGive fresh frozen plasma only, with no anticoagulant
5. EStart thrombolysis in every case, whatever the bleeding risk

In tumour lysis prevention during steroid-based ALL induction, which fluid is favoured?

1. ANo fluids, to avoid overload
2. BHypotonic dextrose-saline
3. CHypertonic saline
4. DNormal saline only, in large volumes
5. EPotassium-rich fluids

Where should the diagnosis come from in a patient with a large mediastinal mass and a pleural effusion?

1. ABlood, marrow or pleural fluid
2. BOpen mediastinal biopsy under general anaesthesia
3. CMediastinoscopy before any imaging is done
4. DA core biopsy, supine and sedated
5. EThoracotomy

A 55-year-old with Ph-negative B-ALL is fit. Which induction options fit current guidance for 40–65 years?

1. AImatinib alone, continued for at least two years
2. BVenetoclax with azacitidine, as in older AML
3. CWatchful waiting until symptoms or cytopenias worsen
4. DAn asparaginase regimen or hyper-CVAD (± rituximab)
5. ELow-dose cytarabine given under the skin monthly

In GRAALL, which patients benefited from allogeneic transplant in first remission?

1. AOnly those with MRD below 10⁻⁵ after induction
2. BMRD ≥10⁻³ (HR 0.43), not those below
3. CEveryone in first remission, whatever the MRD
4. DOnly patients over 70 with high-risk genetics
5. ENobody: transplant gave no benefit to any group

In remission, a single follow-up MRD test is low-level positive. What is correct?

1. AIt means the laboratory test must be faulty
2. BMRD results are never useful once induction is over
3. CNot relapse by itself; act if persistent or rising
4. DIt needs an immediate transplant without any repeat
5. EIt always means relapse: start salvage therapy today

After ALL treatment ends, how often are CBC and liver tests done in the first year?

1. AEvery 5 years
2. BEvery 1–2 months
3. CEvery week
4. DOnly if symptoms appear
5. EOnce a year

In CALGB 10403 (295 patients aged 17–39 on a paediatric regimen), what was 3-year survival?

1. A50%
2. B30%
3. C15%
4. D73%
5. E95%

Across 23 observational studies of adolescents and young adults, how did paediatric-type regimens compare?

1. ANo difference in survival or treatment deaths
2. BWorse survival, more deaths
3. CBetter survival only in T-ALL, not in B-ALL
4. DBetter survival only after allogeneic transplant
5. EBetter 5-year survival (HR 1.40)

In GRAALL-2005 (an asparaginase regimen), what were CR and 5-year survival?

1. ACR 70%, 5-year survival 30%
2. BCR 92%, 5-year survival 92%
3. CCR 92%, 5-year survival 59%
4. DCR 99%, 5-year survival 90%
5. ECR 50%, 5-year survival 20%

In GRAALL-2005/R, what did rituximab add for CD20+ B-ALL?

1. A4-year EFS 85% vs 43%, with more deaths
2. BBenefit only in T-ALL, not in B-ALL
3. CNo benefit in event-free survival
4. D4-year EFS 55% vs 43%
5. EWorse survival from infections and toxicity

In E1910 (224 adults aged 30–70 in MRD-negative CR), what was the hazard ratio for death with blinatumomab added?

1. A2.00
2. B0.10
3. C0.41
4. D0.95
5. E1.41

In BLAST (113 MRD-positive patients), what did blinatumomab achieve?

1. A78% became MRD-negative
2. BAll patients were cured without any transplant
3. C10% became MRD-negative
4. DResponders survived for a shorter time than others
5. EMRD levels were unchanged in most patients

In UKALL XII/ECOG 2993, what did sibling-donor transplant do in standard-risk ALL?

1. ANo survival change and no extra non-relapse deaths
2. BFewer non-relapse deaths and fewer relapses as well
3. CWorse survival because of more relapses after transplant
4. D5-year survival 62% vs 52%; more non-relapse deaths
5. E5-year survival 90% vs 20%, with no extra deaths

In a CIBMTR comparison (Seftel 2016), how did paediatric-inspired chemotherapy compare with matched allografts?

1. ANo difference
2. B4-year survival 73% vs 45%
3. CTransplant was always better
4. D4-year survival 20% vs 10%
5. E4-year survival 45% vs 73%

In patients over 55 treated with inotuzumab plus dexamethasone (Stelljes 2024), which results were reported?

1. ACR in 10%, 3-year survival only 5%
2. BNo responses at all in this age group
3. CCR in 85%, 3-year survival 56%, VOD 8%
4. DCR in 50%, 3-year survival only 20%
5. ECR in all 43, 3-year survival 73%

In COG AALL0434 (children and young adults up to 31), what did nelarabine add for T-ALL?

1. ANo benefit in DFS or CNS relapse
2. BMore CNS relapses with nelarabine added
3. CBetter survival in adults over 60 only
4. DDFS 50% vs 30%; CNS relapse unchanged
5. EDFS 88% vs 82%; CNS relapse 1% vs 7%

In UKALL XII/ECOG 2993, what were CR and 5-year survival in 356 adults with T-ALL, and survival after relapse?

1. ACR 94%, 5-year 48%; after relapse 6.5%
2. BCR 50%, 5-year 10%; after relapse 50%
3. CCR 20%, 5-year 5%
4. DCR 99%, 5-year 90%; after relapse 80%
5. ECR 94%, 5-year 94%

What did a low-cost protocol at CMC Vellore achieve in 113 adults with T-ALL (Abraham 2014)?

1. ANo long-term survivors
2. B25% 1-year survival
3. C51% 5-year survival
4. D90% 5-year survival
5. E10% 5-year survival

In GRAAPH-2005 (268 adults with Ph+ ALL), how did imatinib with vincristine–dexamethasone compare with imatinib plus hyper-CVAD?

1. ABetter 5-year survival by about 30% overall
2. BMore early deaths but better long-term survival
3. CNo CRs at all without intensive hyper-CVAD
4. DMore CRs and fewer early deaths; equal survival
5. EFewer CRs and worse 5-year survival overall

In D-ALBA, what happened after chemotherapy-free dasatinib plus steroid induction when blinatumomab was given?

1. AMRD negativity fell after blinatumomab
2. BNo patient reached complete remission
3. CBlinatumomab caused the T315I mutation
4. DAll patients relapsed within a year
5. EMRD negativity rose (29% → 60%)

In PhALLCON, how did ponatinib compare with imatinib in Ph-positive ALL?

1. ANo difference
2. BOnly effective without chemotherapy
3. CMore MRD-negative CRs (34% vs 17%)
4. DFewer MRD-negative CRs
5. EWorse survival from infection

In a retrospective study of 230 MRD-negative Ph+ ALL patients (Ghobadi 2022), how did transplant compare with continued consolidation?

1. ATransplant halved survival
2. BData were not reported
3. CConsolidation was harmful
4. DNo survival difference
5. ETransplant doubled survival

In TOWER (405 adults with relapsed Ph-negative ALL), what was median survival with blinatumomab vs chemotherapy?

1. A4.0 vs 7.7 months
2. B12 vs 12 months
3. C7.7 vs 4.0 months
4. D39 vs 13 months
5. E24 vs 8 months

In INO-VATE, which pair of results is correct for inotuzumab vs chemotherapy?

1. ACR 50% vs 50%; no VOD
2. BCR 29% vs 81%; VOD 1% vs 9%
3. CCR 81% vs 29%; VOD 9% vs 1%
4. DCR 98% vs 91%; VOD 0%
5. ECR 36% vs 20%; VOD 40%

In AUGMENT-101 (57 patients with KMT2A-rearranged leukaemia), what did revumenib achieve?

1. AResponse 63%, CR 23%
2. BNo differentiation syndrome in any patient
3. CCR 81%, with MRD negativity in 78%
4. DResponse 100%, with CR in every patient
5. EResponse 10%, no CRs

In 118 adults with relapsed T-ALL treated with nelarabine-based chemotherapy (Candoni 2020), what were the results?

1. ACR 81%; 2-year survival 23%
2. BCR 5%; no survivors at 1 year
3. CCR 63%; CR 23% with no relapses
4. DCR 36%; 1-year survival 37%
5. ECR 90%; 1-year survival 85%

Which statement about CD19 CAR-T products for ALL is correct?

1. AObecabtagene: much less severe CRS and ICANS
2. BBrexucabtagene is approved only for young children
3. CCAR-T products for ALL target CD22 alone
4. DTisagenlecleucel is approved only for adults over 65
5. ENexCAR19 is approved only in the United States

In the Berry 2017 meta-analysis of 39 studies, what was the hazard ratio for survival with MRD negativity in adults?

1. A1.28
2. B0.05
3. C2.80
4. D0.95
5. E0.28

In one series of 148 adults, what was 5-year survival with Ph-like ALL compared with other Ph-negative B-ALL?

1. A59% vs 23%
2. B23% vs 59%
3. C80% vs 85%
4. D10% vs 12%
5. E50% vs 50%

Which statement about adult T-ALL biology is correct?

1. AETP-ALL is the commonest type of adult T-ALL
2. BCDKN2A deletion is never found in T-ALL
3. CTP53 mutation predicts an excellent response
4. DNOTCH1/FBXW7 without RAS/PTEN: longer survival
5. ET-ALL is driven mainly by the BCR::ABL1 fusion

In 1,508 adults with ALL, how common was CNS disease at diagnosis, and how did it affect outcome?

1. A5%; 90% reached remission; survival similar
2. B25%; survival was halved by CNS disease
3. C0%; CNS disease does not occur in adults
4. D5%; none of them survived beyond a year
5. E50%; most did not reach remission at all

How common is asparaginase-related thrombosis in adults, and what is its link to central lines?

1. AUnder 1%, and never related to central lines
2. BAbout 14%; about half catheter-related
3. CAbout 14%, and never related to central lines
4. DIt occurs only in children, not in adults
5. EAbout 50%, and nearly all of them arterial

For CNS relapse of ALL, which radiotherapy is described?

1. ACranial RT 24 Gy with ≥6 intrathecal treatments
2. BNo RT; intrathecal therapy only, twice a week
3. CWhole-body RT 2 Gy, then maintenance tablets
4. DCraniospinal RT 54 Gy, with no intrathecal therapy
5. ECranial RT 12 Gy alone, with no intrathecal therapy

In one Indian series, how did treatment delays affect relapse-free survival in ALL?

1. AIt fell from 95% to 90%
2. BIt rose from 43% to 69%
3. CThere was no effect
4. DIt fell to 0%
5. EIt fell from 69% to 43%

At KGMU Lucknow (Shukla 2025), what proportion of 75 ALL patients on BFM-95 did not complete induction?

1. A75.0%
2. B50.0%
3. C0%
4. D1.0%
5. E10.6%

Which statement about older adult regimens for Ph-negative ALL before paediatric-inspired protocols is correct?

1. AThey gave 90% survival in young adults
2. BThey are still preferred for patients under 40
3. CThey were never used in adults with ALL
4. D5-year survival near 30% in young adults
5. EThey avoided asparaginase toxicity and were better