Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: MCQ bank

Which genetic change defines chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)?

1. AJAK2 V617F point mutation
2. Bt(9;22) making BCR::ABL1
3. Ct(15;17) making PML::RARA
4. Dt(8;21) making RUNX1::RUNX1T1
5. Et(14;18) joining IGH to BCL2

What does the BCR::ABL1 fusion gene produce?

1. AA transcription factor that blocks maturation
2. BA growth factor receptor without a kinase
3. CAn anti-apoptotic protein of the BCL2 family
4. DA truncated tumour suppressor protein
5. EA tyrosine kinase that is always switched on

Which is the only established risk factor for CML?

1. ABenzene exposure
2. BTobacco smoking
3. CA parent with CML
4. DEpstein-Barr virus infection
5. EIonising radiation

This schematic blood film is from a 45-year-old with a white count of 150,000/µL and a large spleen. Which description fits it best?

1. AGranulocytes at every stage, with basophils
2. BLymphocytes with hair-like cytoplasmic projections
3. CNeutrophils with toxic granules and Döhle bodies
4. DSmall mature lymphocytes and smudge cells
5. EUniform blasts containing Auer rods

About what proportion of people with CML have no symptoms when it is found?

1. ANearly all
2. BUp to half
3. CAbout 9 in 10
4. DFewer than 1 in 20
5. EAbout 1 in 10

Which physical sign is most typical of chronic-phase CML?

1. AGum hypertrophy
2. BGeneralised lymphadenopathy
3. CSkin nodules
4. DSplenomegaly
5. EJaundice

A 30-year-old with pneumonia has a white count of 45,000/µL. Which finding favours a leukemoid reaction over CML?

1. ABasophilia on the film
2. BToxic granules and Döhle bodies in neutrophils
3. CMore myelocytes than metamyelocytes
4. DA spleen palpable 8 cm below the costal margin
5. EA platelet count of 700,000/µL

This schematic shows chromosomes 9 and 22 from a marrow karyotype. What is the shortened chromosome marked by the arrow called?

1. AA derivative chromosome 7
2. BAn isochromosome 17q
3. CA ring chromosome 22
4. DThe Philadelphia chromosome
5. EA double-minute chromosome

Which test confirms the diagnosis of CML in a blood sample?

1. AFlow cytometry for CD34
2. BSerum vitamin B12 level
3. CBCR::ABL1 by RT-PCR (or FISH)
4. DLeucocyte alkaline phosphatase score
5. EJAK2 V617F mutation testing

BCR::ABL1 is positive in the blood. Why is a bone marrow examination still advised at diagnosis?

1. ATo exclude tuberculosis of the bone marrow
2. BTo define the phase and find extra chromosomes
3. CTo measure iron stores before starting treatment
4. DTo obtain the platelet count needed for ELTS
5. ETo confirm that BCR::ABL1 is really present

Which four items make up the ELTS score?

1. AWhite count, basophils, eosinophils, sex
2. BKaryotype, transcript type, JAK2, age
3. CAge, haemoglobin, LDH, albumin
4. DSpleen, liver, lymph nodes, B symptoms
5. EAge, spleen size, blood blasts, platelets

Why should the spleen be measured and samples sent before hydroxyurea is started?

1. AHydroxyurea causes splenic rupture
2. BThe spleen grows during hydroxyurea
3. CThe ELTS score is valid only on untreated values
4. DHydroxyurea prevents a later TKI from working
5. EHydroxyurea makes BCR::ABL1 undetectable

What is a major molecular response (MMR) in CML?

1. ABCR::ABL1 of 1% or less on the International Scale
2. BA normal white count and a spleen that is not palpable
3. CNo Philadelphia-positive marrow metaphases
4. DBCR::ABL1 of 10% or less on the International Scale
5. EBCR::ABL1 of 0.1% or less on the International Scale

Which set of findings defines a complete haematological response?

1. AWBC <10,000/µL, platelets <450,000/µL, no immature cells, basophils <5%, spleen impalpable
2. BBCR::ABL1 below 10% on the International Scale at 3 months of treatment
3. CNormal haemoglobin and no symptoms, whatever the size of the spleen or the platelet count
4. DNo Philadelphia-positive metaphases among 20 or more marrow cells counted
5. EWBC <20,000/µL with any platelet count, blasts under 5% and a spleen of any size

Which statement about the first TKI in chronic-phase CML is correct?

1. AImatinib, a 2G TKI or asciminib give similar long-term survival
2. BImatinib is no longer recommended for any patient
3. CPonatinib is the preferred first TKI for most patients
4. DSecond-generation TKIs add about 10% to overall survival
5. EInterferon should be added to every first-line TKI

Which TKI binds the myristoyl pocket of ABL1 rather than the ATP-binding site?

1. ADasatinib
2. BImatinib
3. CBosutinib
4. DNilotinib
5. EAsciminib

Pleural effusion is a characteristic side effect of which TKI?

1. ANilotinib
2. BAsciminib
3. CBosutinib
4. DImatinib
5. EDasatinib

For which patient is nilotinib generally best avoided?

1. AA 45-year-old with lactose intolerance
2. BA 50-year-old with Crohn disease
3. CA 30-year-old with a past pleural effusion
4. DA 58-year-old with diabetes and a past stroke
5. EA 25-year-old with no other illness

Which side effect is most typical of bosutinib, mainly in the first weeks?

1. APleural effusion
2. BGynaecomastia
3. CDiarrhoea
4. DPeriorbital oedema
5. EPeripheral arterial occlusion

How often should BCR::ABL1 (IS) be measured on a TKI until MMR is reached?

1. AAt least every 3 months
2. BOnly at 12 months
3. COnce a year
4. DOnly when the blood count changes
5. EEvery week

Which set of results is "favourable" under ELN 2025 at 3, 6 and 12 months?

1. A≤1%, ≤0.1% and ≤0.01%
2. BUndetectable at every time point
3. C≤50%, ≤10% and ≤1%
4. D≤10%, ≤10% and ≤10%
5. E≤10%, ≤1% and ≤0.1%

BCR::ABL1 is rising on imatinib. What is the first thing to check?

1. AMissed tablets and interacting drugs
2. BA whole-body PET-CT scan
3. CHLA typing of brothers and sisters
4. DA kinase-domain mutation by NGS
5. EA repeat bone marrow biopsy and karyotype

A kinase-domain mutation test shows T315I. Which TKIs can still work?

1. ADasatinib or nilotinib
2. BPonatinib or asciminib
3. CImatinib at a higher dose
4. DAny second-generation TKI
5. EBosutinib or nilotinib

Among carefully selected patients who stop their TKI, about what proportion stay in treatment-free remission?

1. AAbout 20%
2. B40–50%
3. CAbout 75%
4. DNearly all
5. EUnder 5%

A woman with chronic-phase CML becomes pregnant and her counts rise in the first trimester. Which treatment can be used at any stage of pregnancy?

1. AInterferon
2. BImatinib
3. CNilotinib
4. DHydroxyurea
5. EDasatinib

A man taking imatinib wants to father a child. What is the advice?

1. ASwitch to interferon until conception
2. BStop the TKI for 3 months before trying
3. CContinue the TKI while trying to conceive
4. DStore sperm and avoid natural conception
5. EStop the TKI and use hydroxyurea instead

How is myeloid blast phase of CML treated?

1. AInterferon plus low-dose cytarabine
2. BRadiotherapy to the spleen and marrow
3. CA TKI with AML-type induction, then transplant
4. DHydroxyurea and blood transfusions only
5. EA TKI alone, continued for life

In Indian studies, up to what share of patients with CML do not take their TKI regularly?

1. AAbout 1 in 20
2. BUp to one-third
3. CAbout three-quarters
4. DUnder 1 in 50
5. EAlmost all

With TKI treatment, what is the life expectancy of most patients diagnosed in chronic phase?

1. AShorter than with interferon
2. BNormal only after a transplant
3. CClose to the general population
4. DAbout 10 years at most
5. EAbout 3 to 5 years from diagnosis

How does the age at diagnosis in Indian hospital series compare with Western registries?

1. AThe same (median 66 years)
2. BMostly children under 15
3. CAbout a decade younger (median 32–42 years)
4. DAbout a decade older (median 75 years)
5. EOnly people over 80

Which finding at diagnosis should make you think of MDS or an advanced phase rather than typical chronic-phase CML?

1. ABasophilia on the film
2. BA platelet count of 700,000/µL
3. CA low platelet count
4. DEosinophilia on the film
5. EA white count of 300,000/µL

A 40-year-old has a white count of 120,000/µL with myelocytes and basophils and a 10 cm spleen. Routine quantitative PCR for p210 and p190 is negative. What next?

1. AStart imatinib without further tests
2. BFISH for BCR::ABL1 with a marrow karyotype
3. CDiagnose a leukemoid reaction and give antibiotics
4. DRepeat the same PCR in 3 months
5. ETreat as polycythaemia vera with hydroxyurea

A man treated for chronic-phase CML for 3 years now has lymphoblasts on his blood film. What should you assume, and do?

1. AReactive lymphocytosis after infection: no action
2. BLymphoid blast phase: flow cytometry and lumbar puncture
3. CA second cancer (CLL): watch and wait without tests
4. DAn imatinib side effect: reduce the dose of imatinib
5. EA viral reaction: repeat the blood film in 2 weeks

A marrow at diagnosis shows 14% blasts. How do ICC 2022 and WHO 2022 classify it?

1. ABoth systems: chronic phase without any risk features
2. BBoth systems: blast phase, treated like acute leukaemia
3. CICC: accelerated; WHO: chronic with a high-risk feature
4. DICC: blast phase; WHO: accelerated phase
5. EBoth systems: accelerated phase, with no other label

What blast percentage defines blast phase in ICC 2022 and WHO 2022, and how did the older ELN criteria differ?

1. A30% or more in all systems
2. B5% or more; the older ELN criteria used 10% or more
3. C50% or more; the older ELN criteria used 30% or more
4. D20% or more; the older ELN criteria used 30% or more
5. E10% or more; the older ELN criteria used 20% or more

A patient's BCR::ABL1 was 0.08% (IS) in laboratory A. A cheaper laboratory B now reports 0.3%. What is the correct step?

1. ADouble the TKI dose and recheck in a year
2. BOrder a kinase-domain mutation test straight away
3. CArrange a bone marrow biopsy and karyotype
4. DDeclare loss of MMR and switch to another TKI
5. ERepeat in the original IS laboratory before acting

A 60-year-old with diabetes, a past myocardial infarction and a high ELTS score has chronic-phase CML. Which first-line choice fits best?

1. ANilotinib, because the ELTS score is high
2. BImatinib with interferon added from the start
3. CDasatinib, bosutinib or asciminib, not nilotinib
4. DInterferon alone, to avoid TKI toxicity
5. EPonatinib, because the risk score is high

Which TKI is best avoided in a patient with chronic lung disease and a previous pleural effusion?

1. ADasatinib
2. BImatinib
3. CAsciminib
4. DBosutinib
5. ENilotinib

A patient on dasatinib is started on omeprazole for dyspepsia. What is the concern?

1. AOmeprazole causes pleural effusion
2. BDasatinib levels rise to toxic levels
3. CThe PCR result becomes falsely low
4. DLess dasatinib is absorbed
5. EThere is no interaction

When should an ECG be done after starting nilotinib or dasatinib?

1. AAt baseline and 1–2 weeks after starting
2. BOnly before stopping treatment
3. COnce a year
4. DOnly if the patient has palpitations
5. EIt is not needed with these TKIs

This schematic chart shows one patient's BCR::ABL1 (IS) on first-line imatinib. How does ELN 2025 classify the 6-month result?

1. ATreatment-free remission can be tried
2. BFavourable: no change needed
3. CUnfavourable: a switch is preferred
4. DWarning: a switch may be needed
5. EMajor molecular response

Two weeks after starting imatinib, the platelet count has fallen mildly and the patient is well. What is appropriate?

1. AContinue: early cytopenias reflect the leukaemia clearing
2. BStop imatinib permanently and switch to another TKI
3. CBegin a work-up for urgent allogeneic transplant
4. DStart an erythropoietin-stimulating agent at once
5. ESwitch to ponatinib because of primary resistance

BCR::ABL1 has risen on two tests and the patient takes every tablet with no interacting drugs. What comes next?

1. AAdding interferon to the same TKI and continuing
2. BStopping all treatment and watching the counts
3. CA drug holiday of 3 months, then repeat the PCR
4. DIncreasing hydroxyurea alongside the same TKI
5. EMarrow (blasts, karyotype) and a mutation test

A patient loses response on dasatinib (first line). No mutation is found. Which next step fits current guidance?

1. ASwitch back to imatinib
2. BSwitch to nilotinib
3. CBosutinib, as it always works after dasatinib
4. DPonatinib or asciminib, and start a donor search
5. EContinue dasatinib and recheck in a year

F317L is found in a patient losing response on dasatinib. Which TKI is NOT expected to work against this mutation?

1. APonatinib
2. BDasatinib
3. CAsciminib
4. DBosutinib
5. ENilotinib

V299L is found in a patient on bosutinib. Which of these is a suitable next TKI?

1. ANilotinib
2. BImatinib at a higher dose
3. CDasatinib
4. DBosutinib at the same dose
5. EImatinib

Four months after stopping a TKI in deep remission, a patient loses MMR. What is the correct response?

1. AWait for a second positive result 3 months later
2. BStart ponatinib
3. CArrange an urgent allogeneic transplant
4. DRestart the TKI; no mutation test is needed
5. EOrder a mutation test before restarting

After stopping a TKI, when do most molecular relapses occur?

1. AAfter 5 years off treatment
2. BEvenly spread over 10 years
3. CIn the second year off treatment
4. DIn the first week after stopping
5. EWithin the first 6–8 months

A 29-year-old woman has been in MR4 for 3 years on imatinib (6 years in total) and wants a pregnancy. What does ELN 2025 advise?

1. AContinue imatinib throughout the whole pregnancy
2. BAdvise against pregnancy at any time in the future
3. CStop the TKI as for TFR, then plan the pregnancy
4. DSwitch to nilotinib and try to conceive straight away
5. ESwitch to dasatinib before trying to conceive

A woman in MMR (but not MR4) with regular cycles and good access to testing wants a pregnancy. Which option does ELN 2025 accept?

1. ASwitch to ponatinib before trying to conceive
2. BContinue the TKI until the first positive test
3. CUndergo allogeneic transplant before conceiving
4. DContinue the TKI throughout the whole pregnancy
5. EStop the TKI only after the baby is delivered

CML is diagnosed at 10 weeks of pregnancy: white count 60,000/µL, low ELTS, no extra chromosomes, no symptoms. What is reasonable?

1. AStart dasatinib now, as it is the most potent TKI
2. BWatchful waiting; leukapheresis or interferon if needed
3. CTermination of the pregnancy in every case
4. DStart imatinib now, before the counts rise further
5. EHydroxyurea throughout the rest of the pregnancy

Which TKI should be avoided throughout pregnancy, even after week 16?

1. ANone: all are allowed after week 16
2. BNilotinib
3. CImatinib
4. DInterferon (not a TKI)
5. EDasatinib

A mother on imatinib after delivery asks about breastfeeding. What is the advice?

1. ABreastfeed only on alternate days
2. BBreastfeeding is safe on imatinib only
3. CSwitch to dasatinib to breastfeed
4. DNo TKI while breastfeeding
5. EBreastfeeding is safe on any TKI

A fit 40-year-old with CML presents in myeloid blast phase with no prior TKI. What is the best plan?

1. ATKI with intensive AML induction, then transplant
2. BHydroxyurea and palliative care from the start
3. CImatinib alone, continued for the rest of life
4. DIntensive AML chemotherapy without any TKI
5. ETreatment-free remission once induction ends

In lymphoid blast phase of CML, which combination is used?

1. AInterferon and hydroxyurea, continued indefinitely
2. BTKI + Ph+ ALL regimen, lumbar puncture, then transplant
3. CA TKI alone, without any chemotherapy or transplant
4. DAML-type induction chemotherapy without a TKI
5. ERadiotherapy to the spleen and the whole marrow

In which situation is a lumbar puncture indicated in CML?

1. ALymphoid blast phase or neurological signs
2. BEvery patient at diagnosis
3. CBefore every bone marrow biopsy
4. DEvery patient before stopping a TKI
5. ENeurologically well patients in myeloid blast phase

A patient presents de novo in accelerated phase. Which statement is correct?

1. AImatinib is the preferred TKI in this phase
2. BTransplant is needed before any TKI is given
3. CNo TKI is effective once accelerated phase is reached
4. DA 2G TKI is preferred to imatinib; no TFR attempts
5. ETFR can be tried after 2 years of deep response

This schematic chest X-ray is from a 55-year-old on dasatinib for 2 years with new breathlessness. What is the most appropriate approach?

1. ASwitch to imatinib at once without any further assessment
2. BAssess the effusion, exclude other causes, hold or reduce dasatinib
3. CContinue dasatinib unchanged and add a diuretic only
4. DStop all TKIs permanently and watch the counts
5. EStart anti-tuberculosis treatment empirically for 6 months

Which ongoing checks matter most for a patient on long-term nilotinib?

1. APulmonary function every 3 months
2. BBone marrow every 6 months
3. CBlood pressure, glucose and lipids
4. DThyroid scans every year
5. EHearing and vision

A 12-year-old on imatinib for 18 months has slowed growth. Which statement is correct?

1. AAlways temporary, with full catch-up within 6 months
2. BA recognised TKI effect: watch height, puberty, thyroid and bone
3. CUnrelated to the TKI, so no action or follow-up is needed
4. DA sign that the CML has progressed to blast phase
5. EA reason to stop imatinib at once and permanently

In IRIS, what was the 18-month progression-free survival with imatinib versus interferon plus cytarabine?

1. A92% vs 97%
2. B80% vs 60%
3. C75% vs 70%
4. D97% vs 92%
5. E99% vs 50%

In ENESTnd, how many progressions to accelerated or blast phase occurred on imatinib compared with the two nilotinib arms?

1. ANone in any arm
2. B12 vs 33 and 40
3. C9 vs 12 and 33
4. D100 vs 50 and 25
5. E33 vs 12 and 9

In a meta-analysis of 8 trials (2974 patients) comparing 2G TKIs with imatinib, what was the rate of progression?

1. A10% vs 20%, with a survival gain
2. BNo difference in progression
3. C0.8% vs 3.0%, with no survival difference
4. D0.8% vs 3.0%, with a 10% survival gain
5. E3.0% vs 0.8%, favouring imatinib

In ASC4FIRST, what was the MMR rate at 96 weeks with asciminib versus investigator-chosen TKIs?

1. A96% vs 52%
2. B37.6% vs 15.8%
3. C52.0% vs 74.1%
4. D74.1% vs 52.0%
5. E44% vs 23%

In ASCEMBL (patients after 2 or more TKIs), what was the MMR rate at 96 weeks?

1. ANo difference
2. B60% with asciminib vs 40% with ponatinib
3. C37.6% with asciminib vs 15.8% with bosutinib
4. D15.8% with asciminib vs 37.6% with bosutinib
5. E74.1% with asciminib vs 52.0% with bosutinib

In PACE (chronic phase after dasatinib or nilotinib, or with T315I), which pair of results is correct for ponatinib?

1. A5-year OS 73%, arterial occlusive events 31%
2. BMMR 90%, arterial occlusive events 1%
3. C5-year OS 31%, arterial occlusive events 73%
4. D5-year OS 50%, no vascular events
5. ENo responses in T315I

What was the key design idea of OPTIC?

1. ACompare ponatinib with allogeneic transplant in T315I
2. BUse ponatinib first line in low-risk chronic phase
3. CStop ponatinib after 12 months in major molecular response
4. DStart ponatinib higher, reduce once BCR::ABL1 <1%
5. ECombine ponatinib with pegylated interferon

In a registry comparison of patients with T315I, what was 48-month survival with ponatinib versus allogeneic transplant?

1. A30% vs 80%
2. B73% vs 56%
3. C20% vs 20%
4. D95% vs 40%
5. E56% vs 73%

In EURO-SKI (755 patients), what proportion kept MMR 6 and 12 months after stopping a TKI?

1. A90% and 85%
2. B46% and 61%
3. C100% and 95%
4. D20% and 10%
5. E61% and 46%

In DESTINY, what was the treatment-free remission rate after halving the dose for 12 months before stopping, in patients with MR4 or deeper?

1. A25%
2. B10%
3. C95%
4. D45%
5. E72%

Which statement about late outcomes after stopping a TKI is correct?

1. ALate MMR loss in up to 14%; sudden blast phase ≤0.1%
2. BRelapse never happens after 12 months off treatment
3. COnce MMR is lost, a second response is unusual
4. DBlast phase occurs in about 10% of those who stop
5. EMost relapses happen more than 5 years after stopping

In CML Study IV (Lauseker 2023), what was 10-year survival in patients still above 10% BCR::ABL1 at 12 months?

1. AUnder 5%
2. BAbout 20%
3. CAbout 55%
4. DAbout 80%
5. EAbout 95%

Without an early molecular response on imatinib, what did switching to dasatinib achieve in DASCERN?

1. ANo difference in major molecular response
2. BMore progressions to blast phase on dasatinib
3. CTreatment-free remission in most patients
4. DDeeper responses (MMR 77% vs 44%), same survival
5. EA large overall survival gain over imatinib

In Marin 2010, what proportion of patients with 90% adherence or more reached MMR at 6 years, compared with those below 90%?

1. A28% vs 95%
2. B100% vs 80%
3. C60% vs 55%
4. D50% vs 45%
5. E95% vs 28%

In CML Study IV (Saussele 2015), how did 8-year overall survival change across Charlson comorbidity groups?

1. AIt was the same in all groups
2. BFrom 80% to 75%
3. CFrom 94% (Charlson 2) to 46% (7 or more)
4. DFrom 99% to 95%
5. EFrom 46% to 94% (rising with comorbidity)

In 104 patients with myeloid blast phase (Saxena 2021), what was 5-year overall survival with a TKI plus intensive chemotherapy?

1. A0%
2. B50%
3. C60%
4. D30%
5. E80%

In lymphoid blast phase treated with hyper-CVAD plus a TKI (Strati 2014), what was median overall survival with and without allogeneic transplant?

1. A9 months vs 93 months
2. BNot reached in either group
3. C93 months vs 9 months
4. D60 months vs 48 months
5. E24 months in both groups

Among imatinib-exposed pregnancies with known outcome (Pye 2008), about what proportion had fetal abnormalities?

1. AAbout 50%
2. BAbout 1%
3. CAbout 10%
4. DNone
5. EAbout 30%

In the ELN registry of 87 women diagnosed with CML during pregnancy (Chelysheva 2024), what happened?

1. A76% had a normal childbirth, no excess malformations
2. BMost women progressed to blast phase in pregnancy
3. CNearly all women received dasatinib in pregnancy
4. DMalformations occurred in about half of the babies
5. EMost pregnancies had to be terminated for safety

In a Japanese series of 70 pregnancies (Kondo 2025), when did planned pregnancies occur compared with unplanned ones?

1. AA median 4.1 vs 10.6 years after diagnosis
2. BBoth within the first year
3. COnly after allogeneic transplant
4. DA median 10.6 vs 4.1 years after diagnosis
5. EA median 1 vs 10 years after diagnosis

Which transcripts are expected to resist asciminib?

1. AThose lacking ABL1 exon 2 (e13a3, e14a3)
2. BAny p190 (e1a2) transcript, whatever the phase
3. CThe rare p230 (e19a2) transcript in every case
4. DThe common e13a2 and e14a2 transcripts
5. EAny transcript carrying the T315I mutation

Which statement about compound kinase-domain mutations is correct?

1. AThey respond best to imatinib at a standard dose
2. BThey always respond to bosutinib as second line
3. CSanger sequencing detects them better than NGS
4. DThey are found routinely at diagnosis in chronic phase
5. ESome with T315I resist both ponatinib and asciminib

Under the ELN 2025 mutation table, which TKI is NOT recommended for E255K/V?

1. ADasatinib
2. BNilotinib
3. CPonatinib
4. DAsciminib
5. ENone: all four are recommended

F359V is found in a patient losing response on nilotinib. Which option does the ELN 2025 table recommend?

1. AContinuing nilotinib
2. BStopping all TKIs
3. CAsciminib
4. DDasatinib
5. EImatinib at a higher dose

A myristoyl-pocket mutation (for example A337V) is found on asciminib. Which statement is correct?

1. AATP-site TKIs may still work
2. BOnly imatinib remains active
3. CA higher asciminib dose overcomes it
4. DIt always means blast phase
5. ENo TKI can work any longer

Which statement on allogeneic transplant in CML reflects ELN 2025?

1. AReduced-intensity conditioning is preferred for every patient
2. BMyeloablative conditioning is preferred where possible
3. CDonor search should wait until ponatinib has failed
4. DTKIs must never be given again after transplant
5. ETransplant of resistant blast phase is advised outside trials

In de novo accelerated phase treated with dasatinib or nilotinib (Ohanian 2014), what was the complete cytogenetic response rate in 21 patients?

1. AAbout 90%
2. BAbout 10%
3. CNone
4. DAbout 50%
5. EAbout 30%

In the international registry of 535 children (Millot 2026), what was 3-year PFS by ELTS group (low, intermediate, high)?

1. A99% in all groups
2. B72.0%, 91.7% and 97.1%
3. C50%, 40% and 30%
4. D80%, 60% and 20%
5. E97.1%, 91.7% and 72.0%

What did the Tata Memorial series (Parikh 2013; 972 patients, median age 36) show?

1. AInterferon gave better results than imatinib
2. BGeneric imatinib gave much worse responses
3. COS was only 40% at 5 years on imatinib
4. DMost patients presented in blast phase
5. EOS 86% at 51 months; generic = innovator

In heavily pretreated patients (Hughes 2019), what proportion reached MMR at 12 months on asciminib?

1. A90% overall and 80% of those with T315I
2. B10% overall and none with T315I
3. C74% overall and 52% with T315I
4. D48% overall and 28% of those with T315I
5. E28% overall and 48% of those with T315I