Most ovarian cysts are harmless, especially in women who still have periods. The risk depends on age, how the cyst looks on a scan, and other findings.

Read the facts

Gynaecological cancersNew

Myth #12 · Diagnosis & treatment

A normal CA-125 blood test rules out ovarian cancer?

సీఏ-125 రక్త పరీక్ష మామూలుగా ఉంటే అండాశయ క్యాన్సర్ లేనట్టేనా?

CA-125 can be normal in early ovarian cancer, and raised by many harmless conditions. On its own, it can neither confirm nor rule out cancer.

Read the facts

Gynaecological cancersNew

Myth #13 · Diagnosis & treatment

A biopsy makes gynaecological cancer spread?

బయాప్సీ చేస్తే స్త్రీ జననేంద్రియాల క్యాన్సర్ పాకుతుందా?

A properly performed biopsy is generally safe and often essential for diagnosis. The type of biopsy depends on the cancer suspected.

Read the facts

Gynaecological cancersNew

Myth #14 · Diagnosis & treatment

Every woman with gynaecological cancer must have her uterus removed?

స్త్రీ జననేంద్రియాల క్యాన్సర్ ఉన్న ప్రతి స్త్రీకీ గర్భసంచి తీసేయాలా?

Treatment depends on the type and stage of cancer. Some early cervical cancers can be treated while keeping the womb, and many others are treated with chemoradiation rather than surgery.

Read the facts

Gynaecological cancersNew

Myth #15 · Diagnosis & treatment

Radiotherapy doesn't work for cervical cancer?

గర్భాశయ ముఖద్వార క్యాన్సర్‌కు రేడియోథెరపీ పనిచేయదా?

Radiotherapy, including brachytherapy (internal radiotherapy), is the main treatment that cures many locally advanced cervical cancers, usually given together with chemotherapy.

Read the facts

Digestive cancers

జీర్ణ వ్యవస్థ క్యాన్సర్లు · 22 myths

Colorectal cancerNew

Myth #11 · Diagnosis & treatment

Colonoscopy is extremely painful and dangerous?

కొలనోస్కోపీ విపరీతమైన నొప్పితో కూడినదీ, ప్రమాదకరమైనదా?

Colonoscopy is generally well tolerated, often with sedation. Serious complications are uncommon, although bleeding and perforation are recognised risks.

Read the facts

Colorectal cancerNew

Myth #12 · Diagnosis & treatment

Removing a polyp during colonoscopy makes cancer spread?

కొలనోస్కోపీలో పాలిప్ తీసేస్తే క్యాన్సర్ వ్యాపిస్తుందా?

Removing polyps prevents cancer, and lowers the number of people who develop colorectal cancer. Proper removal does not make cancer spread.

Read the facts

Colorectal cancerNew

Myth #13 · Diagnosis & treatment

Every colorectal cancer needs the entire intestine removed?

ప్రతి పేగు క్యాన్సర్‌కూ పేగు మొత్తం తీసేయాలా?

Surgery is tailored to where the tumour is and how far it has spread. Most patients do not need their whole colon removed.

Read the facts

Colorectal cancerNew

Myth #14 · Diagnosis & treatment

Every rectal cancer patient needs a permanent colostomy bag?

ప్రతి మలాశయ క్యాన్సర్ రోగికీ శాశ్వత కొలోస్టమీ సంచి తప్పదా?

Many rectal cancers can be treated with surgery that preserves the back passage. Some patients whose tumour disappears completely after treatment may avoid surgery altogether, with very close monitoring.

Read the facts

Colorectal cancerNew

Myth #15 · Diagnosis & treatment

Chemotherapy is necessary for every colorectal cancer patient?

ప్రతి పేగు క్యాన్సర్ రోగికీ కీమోథెరపీ తప్పనిసరా?

Some early cancers are treated with surgery alone. Chemotherapy is recommended according to stage, risk features found at surgery, and the tumour's molecular characteristics.

Read the facts

Colorectal cancerNew

Myth #24 · Diagnosis & treatment

A normal CEA blood test means I do not have bowel cancer?

సీఈఏ రక్త పరీక్ష నార్మల్ వస్తే నాకు పేగు క్యాన్సర్ లేదా?

CEA is normal in many people who have bowel cancer, especially early cancer. It cannot be used to rule cancer in or out.

Read the facts

Colorectal cancerNew

Myth #25 · Diagnosis & treatment

Rectal cancer always needs an operation?

మలాశయ క్యాన్సర్‌కు ఎప్పుడూ ఆపరేషన్ తప్పదా?

Most rectal cancers are treated with surgery, but some people whose cancer disappears completely after radiotherapy and chemotherapy, or after immunotherapy for a special type (dMMR), can be watched closely instead of having an operation.

Read the facts

Colorectal cancerNew

Myth #29 · Diagnosis & treatment

Chemotherapy tablets are weaker than chemotherapy given by drip?

కీమోథెరపీ మాత్రలు సెలైన్ ద్వారా ఇచ్చే కీమోథెరపీ కంటే బలహీనమైనవా?

Capecitabine tablets work as well as the drip form of the same medicine (5-FU) for bowel cancer, and they need the same care with side effects.

Read the facts

Stomach & oesophageal cancerNew

Myth #05 · Stomach cancer

A normal ultrasound rules out stomach cancer?

అల్ట్రాసౌండ్ నార్మల్ వస్తే కడుపు క్యాన్సర్ లేనట్లేనా?

An abdominal ultrasound can't reliably see cancers of the stomach lining. An upper GI endoscopy with biopsy is the main test.

Read the facts

Stomach & oesophageal cancerNew

Myth #06 · Stomach cancer

Every stomach ulcer is cancer?

ప్రతి కడుపు అల్సరూ క్యాన్సరేనా?

Most stomach ulcers are benign. Suspicious ulcers are biopsied, and a repeat endoscopy may be needed to confirm healing.

Read the facts

Stomach & oesophageal cancerNew

Myth #07 · Stomach cancer

A stomach biopsy makes cancer spread?

కడుపు బయాప్సీ వల్ల క్యాన్సర్ వ్యాపిస్తుందా?

Biopsies taken during endoscopy are generally safe and essential for diagnosis. Spread of cancer from a routine biopsy is not a meaningful concern.

Read the facts

Stomach & oesophageal cancerNew

Myth #14 · Oesophageal cancer

Long-standing acid reflux always turns into cancer?

చాలా కాలంగా ఉన్న ఆమ్ల రిఫ్లక్స్ ఎప్పుడూ క్యాన్సర్‌గా మారుతుందా?

Most people with reflux never develop oesophageal cancer. Barrett's oesophagus increases the risk of one type, but cancer is not inevitable.

Read the facts

Stomach & oesophageal cancerNew

Myth #16 · Oesophageal cancer

An endoscopy is extremely painful and dangerous?

ఎండోస్కోపీ విపరీతమైన నొప్పితో కూడినదీ, ప్రమాదకరమైనదా?

Upper GI endoscopy is generally safe, and is often done with a throat-numbing spray, sedation or both. Serious complications are uncommon.

Read the facts

Liver cancerNew

Myth #04 · Tests & diagnosis

Normal liver function tests mean there is no liver cancer?

కాలేయ పనితీరు పరీక్షలు నార్మల్‌గా ఉంటే కాలేయ క్యాన్సర్ లేనట్లేనా?

Liver function tests can stay normal in early liver cancer. A normal result does not rule cancer out.

Read the facts

Liver cancerNew

Myth #05 · Tests & diagnosis

A normal AFP blood test rules out liver cancer?

ఏఎఫ్‌పీ రక్త పరీక్ష నార్మల్ వస్తే కాలేయ క్యాన్సర్ లేనట్లేనా?

AFP can be normal even when liver cancer is present. Diagnosis depends mainly on scans and, in some cases, a biopsy.

Read the facts

Liver cancerNew

Myth #06 · Tests & diagnosis

Every lump in the liver is cancer?

కాలేయంలో ప్రతి గడ్డా క్యాన్సరేనా?

Many liver lumps are harmless, such as haemangiomas and cysts. The right type of scan is needed to tell them apart.

Read the facts

Liver cancerNew

Myth #07 · Tests & diagnosis

A liver biopsy makes cancer spread through the body?

కాలేయ బయాప్సీ వల్ల క్యాన్సర్ శరీరమంతా వ్యాపిస్తుందా?

Spread of cancer along the biopsy needle is uncommon with modern techniques. And liver cancer can often be diagnosed from scans, without a biopsy.

Read the facts

Pancreatic cancerNew

Myth #11 · Diagnosis & treatment

A pancreatic biopsy makes cancer spread?

క్లోమ బయాప్సీ వల్ల క్యాన్సర్ వ్యాపిస్తుందా?

Tissue sampling guided by endoscopic ultrasound is generally safe when needed. Some clearly operable tumours go straight to surgery without a biopsy.

Read the facts

Pancreatic cancerNew

Myth #12 · Diagnosis & treatment

Every pancreatic cancer patient should have surgery immediately?

ప్రతి క్లోమ క్యాన్సర్ రోగికీ వెంటనే ఆపరేషన్ చేయాలా?

Treatment depends on whether the tumour can be removed, its involvement of blood vessels, any spread, and the person's fitness. Some cancers are better treated with chemotherapy first.

Read the facts

Pancreatic cancerNew

Myth #13 · Diagnosis & treatment

If a pancreatic tumour touches a major blood vessel, surgery is impossible?

క్లోమ గడ్డ పెద్ద రక్తనాళాన్ని తాకితే ఆపరేషన్ అసాధ్యమా?

Some patients with limited blood vessel involvement can have complex surgery, removing and rebuilding part of the vessel, in experienced centres. The degree of involvement and response to treatment decide.

Read the facts

Pancreatic cancerNew

Myth #14 · Diagnosis & treatment

Chemotherapy is useless in pancreatic cancer?

క్లోమ క్యాన్సర్‌లో కీమోథెరపీ వల్ల ఉపయోగం లేదా?

Modern combination chemotherapy improves outcomes in suitable patients. It also has important roles before and after surgery.

Read the facts

Pancreatic cancerNew

Myth #15 · Diagnosis & treatment

Radiotherapy has no role in pancreatic cancer?

క్లోమ క్యాన్సర్‌లో రేడియోథెరపీకి పాత్ర లేదా?

Carefully selected patients may benefit from chemoradiotherapy or stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT), mainly to control the tumour locally. It is not recommended for everyone.

Read the facts

Head, neck and chest

తల, మెడ, ఛాతీ క్యాన్సర్లు · 18 myths

Head and neck cancerNew

Myth #11 · Diagnosis & staging

A biopsy makes mouth or throat cancer spread?

బయాప్సీ చేస్తే నోటి లేదా గొంతు క్యాన్సర్ పాకుతుందా?

A properly performed biopsy is safe and essential for diagnosis. Cancer spreading because of a biopsy is extremely uncommon.

Read the facts

Head and neck cancerNew

Myth #12 · Diagnosis & staging

Every lump or ulcer in the mouth is cancer?

నోట్లో ప్రతి గడ్డ లేదా పుండు క్యాన్సరేనా?

Most mouth ulcers and lumps are harmless, caused by injury, infection or irritation. But ones that persist or look suspicious need assessment, and sometimes a biopsy.

Read the facts

Head and neck cancerNew

Myth #13 · Diagnosis & staging

A normal blood test means there is no head and neck cancer?

రక్త పరీక్ష మామూలుగా ఉంటే తల, మెడ క్యాన్సర్ లేనట్టేనా?

Routine blood tests cannot reliably rule out these cancers. Doctors use examination, endoscopy, scans and biopsy instead.

Read the facts

Head and neck cancerNew

Myth #14 · Diagnosis & staging

If cancer spreads to the neck lymph nodes, it is automatically stage IV and can't be cured?

క్యాన్సర్ మెడ లింఫ్ గ్రంథులకు పాకితే అది ఆటోమేటిక్‌గా నాలుగో దశ, నయం కాదా?

Spread to neck lymph nodes does not mean the cancer has reached distant organs, and many such cancers are still treated with the aim of cure.

Read the facts

Head and neck cancerNew

Myth #15 · Diagnosis & staging

All head and neck cancers are caused by HPV?

తల, మెడ క్యాన్సర్లన్నీ హెచ్‌పీవీ వల్లే వస్తాయా?

HPV causes a share of throat cancers, mainly of the tonsils and back of the tongue. Tobacco and alcohol remain major causes of mouth and voice box cancers.

Read the facts

Head and neck cancerNew

Myth #22 · Diagnosis & staging

A neck lump in an adult is usually TB and can be treated with TB tablets?

పెద్దవాళ్లలో మెడలో గడ్డ అంటే సాధారణంగా క్షయే, క్షయ మాత్రలు వాడవచ్చా?

In an adult, especially one who uses tobacco or areca nut, a firm neck lump is often cancer that has spread from the mouth or throat. A needle test must come before any TB treatment.

Read the facts

Lung cancerNew

Myth #11 · Diagnosis & staging

A lung biopsy makes cancer spread?

ఊపిరితిత్తుల బయాప్సీ వల్ల క్యాన్సర్ వ్యాపిస్తుందా?

Spread of cancer from a properly performed lung biopsy is exceptionally uncommon. A tissue sample is usually essential for the right treatment.

Read the facts

Lung cancerNew

Myth #12 · Diagnosis & staging

Every lung nodule seen on a CT scan is cancer?

సీటీ స్కాన్‌లో కనిపించే ప్రతి ఊపిరితిత్తుల నాడ్యూల్ క్యాన్సరేనా?

Most lung nodules are harmless, often scars from old infections such as TB. The risk depends on their size, shape, growth and your own risk factors.

Read the facts

Lung cancerNew

Myth #13 · Diagnosis & staging

A PET scan can confirm lung cancer without a biopsy?

బయాప్సీ లేకుండానే పెట్ స్కాన్ ఊపిరితిత్తుల క్యాన్సర్‌ను నిర్ధారించగలదా?

A PET scan can't confirm cancer on its own. TB and other inflammation can also "light up". A tissue sample is usually needed.

Read the facts

Lung cancerNew

Myth #14 · Diagnosis & staging

All lung cancers are the same and get the same treatment?

ఊపిరితిత్తుల క్యాన్సర్లన్నీ ఒకటేనా, అందరికీ ఒకే చికిత్సా?

There are different types of lung cancer, and gene changes in the tumour, such as EGFR, ALK and ROS1, can decide which treatment works best.

Read the facts

Lung cancerNew

Myth #15 · Diagnosis & staging

If lung cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, it is automatically stage IV?

ఊపిరితిత్తుల క్యాన్సర్ లింఫ్ గ్రంథులకు పాకితే అది ఆటోమేటిక్‌గా నాలుగో దశా?

Spread to nearby lymph nodes usually means stage II or III, which is often still treated with the aim of cure. Stage IV generally means spread to distant parts of the body.

Read the facts

Lung cancerNew

Myth #26 · Diagnosis & staging

An EGFR mutation in my lung cancer means my children will get cancer too?

నా ఊపిరితిత్తుల క్యాన్సర్‌లో ఈజీఎఫ్‌ఆర్ మ్యుటేషన్ ఉంటే నా పిల్లలకూ క్యాన్సర్ వస్తుందా?

In almost all cases, the EGFR mutation found in a lung cancer is acquired in the tumour itself. It is not inherited and is not passed to children.

Read the facts

Lung cancerNew

Myth #33 · Diagnosis & staging

Every lung nodule must be removed by surgery straight away?

ప్రతి ఊపిరితిత్తుల నాడ్యూల్‌నూ వెంటనే ఆపరేషన్‌తో తీసేయాలా?

Most small lung nodules are not cancer. Many need only follow-up CT scans; only nodules that look suspicious or grow need a biopsy or surgery.

Read the facts

Thyroid cancerNew

Myth #06 · Diagnosis & screening

Normal thyroid blood tests rule out thyroid cancer?

థైరాయిడ్ రక్త పరీక్షలు మామూలుగా ఉంటే థైరాయిడ్ క్యాన్సర్ లేనట్టేనా?

TSH, T3 and T4 measure how the thyroid is working, not whether there is cancer. Many people with thyroid cancer have normal hormone levels.

Read the facts

Thyroid cancerNew

Myth #07 · Diagnosis & screening

Every thyroid nodule needs a biopsy?

ప్రతి థైరాయిడ్ గడ్డకూ బయాప్సీ అవసరమా?

Whether a biopsy is needed depends on the nodule's appearance on ultrasound, its size and other factors. Some nodules only need monitoring.

Read the facts

Thyroid cancerNew

Myth #08 · Diagnosis & screening

A normal ultrasound means thyroid cancer is impossible?

అల్ట్రాసౌండ్ మామూలుగా ఉంటే థైరాయిడ్ క్యాన్సర్ అసాధ్యమా?

A good-quality ultrasound is the main test for thyroid nodules, but no test is perfect. Suspicious findings on examination may still need further tests.

Read the facts

Thyroid cancerNew

Myth #09 · Diagnosis & screening

A thyroid biopsy makes cancer spread?

థైరాయిడ్ బయాప్సీ చేస్తే క్యాన్సర్ పాకుతుందా?

Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) is generally safe. Significant spread from a biopsy is exceptionally rare, and should not deter a biopsy that is needed.

Read the facts

Thyroid cancerNew

Myth #10 · Diagnosis & screening

All thyroid cancers behave the same way?

అన్ని థైరాయిడ్ క్యాన్సర్లూ ఒకేలా ప్రవర్తిస్తాయా?

Papillary and follicular cancers are usually "differentiated" cancers with an excellent outlook. Medullary and anaplastic thyroid cancers behave very differently, and are treated differently.

Read the facts

Urinary and male cancers

మూత్ర వ్యవస్థ, పురుషుల క్యాన్సర్లు · 15 myths

Prostate cancerNew

Myth #11 · Diagnosis & treatment

A prostate biopsy makes cancer spread?

ప్రోస్టేట్ బయాప్సీ వల్ల క్యాన్సర్ వ్యాపిస్తుందా?

Spread of cancer from a prostate biopsy is exceptionally rare. A biopsy is important to confirm cancer and find out how aggressive it is.

Read the facts

Prostate cancerNew

Myth #12 · Diagnosis & treatment

Every prostate cancer needs treatment straight away?

ప్రతి ప్రోస్టేట్ క్యాన్సర్‌కూ వెంటనే చికిత్స అవసరమా?

Many men with low-risk prostate cancer can safely choose active surveillance: careful, structured monitoring, with treatment only if the cancer changes.

Read the facts

Prostate cancerNew

Myth #13 · Diagnosis & treatment

Surgery is the only treatment that can cure prostate cancer?

ప్రోస్టేట్ క్యాన్సర్‌ను నయం చేయగల చికిత్స ఆపరేషన్ ఒక్కటేనా?

Both surgery to remove the prostate and radiotherapy are established treatments that can cure prostate cancer that hasn't spread.

Read the facts

Prostate cancerNew

Myth #14 · Diagnosis & treatment

Radiotherapy always causes permanent incontinence and impotence?

రేడియోథెరపీ ఎప్పుడూ శాశ్వతంగా మూత్రం ఆపుకోలేకపోవడం, నపుంసకత్వం తెస్తుందా?

Urinary, bowel and sexual side effects can happen, but the risk varies, and severe permanent problems are not inevitable.

Read the facts

Prostate cancerNew

Myth #15 · Diagnosis & treatment

Robotic surgery guarantees better cancer control than radiotherapy or standard surgery?

రోబోటిక్ ఆపరేషన్ రేడియోథెరపీ లేదా మామూలు ఆపరేషన్ కంటే మెరుగైన క్యాన్సర్ అదుపుకు హామీ ఇస్తుందా?

Robotic surgery does not guarantee better cancer control. Results depend on the cancer, the surgeon's experience and choosing the right treatment.

Read the facts

Bladder cancerNew

Myth #11 · Diagnosis & treatment

A cystoscopy is a major operation that needs a hospital stay?

సిస్టోస్కోపీ ఆసుపత్రిలో ఉండాల్సిన పెద్ద ఆపరేషనా?

A diagnostic flexible cystoscopy is usually a quick outpatient procedure under local anaesthetic.

Read the facts

Bladder cancerNew

Myth #12 · Diagnosis & treatment

A bladder biopsy or TURBT makes cancer spread?

మూత్రాశయ బయాప్సీ లేదా టర్బ్‌టీ వల్ల క్యాన్సర్ వ్యాపిస్తుందా?

TURBT (removing a bladder tumour through the urine passage) is a standard procedure for diagnosis and treatment. When properly performed, it does not ordinarily cause cancer to spread.

Read the facts

Bladder cancerNew

Myth #13 · Diagnosis & treatment

Every bladder cancer needs removal of the entire bladder?

ప్రతి మూత్రాశయ క్యాన్సర్‌కూ మూత్రాశయం మొత్తం తీసేయాలా?

Many bladder cancers that haven't grown into the bladder muscle are treated with TURBT, followed by medicine placed into the bladder and regular check-ups.

Read the facts

Bladder cancerNew

Myth #14 · Diagnosis & treatment

If bladder cancer has grown into the muscle, removing the bladder is the only treatment?

మూత్రాశయ క్యాన్సర్ కండరంలోకి పెరిగితే మూత్రాశయం తీసేయడం ఒక్కటే చికిత్సా?

Removing the bladder is a standard option, but some people can keep their bladder with "trimodality therapy": TURBT, radiotherapy and chemotherapy together.

Read the facts

Bladder cancerNew

Myth #15 · Diagnosis & treatment

Chemotherapy for bladder cancer always means injections into a vein?

మూత్రాశయ క్యాన్సర్‌కు కీమోథెరపీ అంటే ఎప్పుడూ నరంలోకి ఇంజెక్షన్లేనా?

Some early bladder cancers are treated with medicine placed directly into the bladder through a catheter. BCG, often used this way, is a form of immunotherapy, not chemotherapy.

Read the facts

Kidney cancerNew

Myth #06 · Symptoms & diagnosis

Kidney cancer always causes blood in the urine?

మూత్రపిండ క్యాన్సర్ ఎప్పుడూ మూత్రంలో రక్తం తెస్తుందా?

Many early kidney cancers cause no symptoms and are found by chance on a scan done for another reason. Blood in the urine can occur, but not always.

Read the facts

Kidney cancerNew

Myth #07 · Symptoms & diagnosis

If there is no back pain, kidney cancer is impossible?

నడుము నొప్పి లేకపోతే మూత్రపిండ క్యాన్సర్ అసాధ్యమా?

Small kidney tumours are usually painless. Pain in the side is more likely with larger tumours, and is not needed for a diagnosis.

Read the facts

Kidney cancerNew

Myth #08 · Symptoms & diagnosis

Every mass found in the kidney is cancer?

మూత్రపిండంలో కనిపించే ప్రతి గడ్డా క్యాన్సరేనా?

Some kidney masses are harmless, including simple cysts, oncocytomas and certain angiomyolipomas. The way a mass looks on scans helps decide whether further tests are needed.

Read the facts

Kidney cancerNew

Myth #09 · Symptoms & diagnosis

A normal urine test or kidney-function test rules out kidney cancer?

మూత్ర పరీక్ష లేదా మూత్రపిండ పనితీరు పరీక్ష నార్మల్ వస్తే మూత్రపిండ క్యాన్సర్ లేనట్లేనా?

Urine tests and creatinine can be completely normal even when a kidney tumour is present. Scans are central to checking a suspicious kidney mass.

Read the facts

Kidney cancerNew

Myth #10 · Symptoms & diagnosis

Every kidney tumour must have a biopsy before treatment?

ప్రతి మూత్రపిండ గడ్డకూ చికిత్సకు ముందు బయాప్సీ తప్పనిసరా?

A biopsy is useful when its result could change the treatment plan, but it isn't needed for every suspicious kidney mass. Some go straight to surgery based on scans and assessment.

Read the facts

Blood cancers

రక్త క్యాన్సర్లు · 15 myths

Leukaemia (blood cancer)New

Myth #06 · Diagnosis & classification

A normal haemoglobin level rules out leukaemia?

హీమోగ్లోబిన్ మామూలుగా ఉంటే లుకేమియా లేనట్టేనా?

Haemoglobin can be normal in some people, especially early in the disease. Diagnosis needs the full blood count, a blood smear and other tests.

Read the facts

Leukaemia (blood cancer)New

Myth #07 · Diagnosis & classification

A routine blood test alone can identify every type of leukaemia?

మామూలు రక్త పరీక్ష ఒక్కటే ప్రతి రకం లుకేమియానూ గుర్తించగలదా?

A blood count can raise suspicion, but identifying the exact type usually needs a blood or bone marrow examination, flow cytometry and genetic tests.

Read the facts

Leukaemia (blood cancer)New

Myth #08 · Diagnosis & classification

A bone marrow test makes leukaemia spread?

ఎముక మజ్జ పరీక్ష చేస్తే లుకేమియా పాకుతుందా?

A bone marrow examination is a standard, safe test, and it does not make leukaemia spread.

Read the facts

Leukaemia (blood cancer)New

Myth #09 · Diagnosis & classification

All leukaemias are the same disease?

అన్ని లుకేమియాలూ ఒకే జబ్బా?

ALL, AML, CLL and CML differ greatly in their biology, treatment, outlook and course.

Read the facts

Leukaemia (blood cancer)New

Myth #10 · Diagnosis & classification

Chronic leukaemia always turns into acute leukaemia?

క్రానిక్ లుకేమియా ఎప్పుడూ అక్యూట్ లుకేమియాగా మారుతుందా?

Without effective treatment, CML can progress to a more aggressive phase. CLL is different: it does not usually turn into acute leukaemia, though occasionally it changes into an aggressive lymphoma.

Read the facts

LymphomaNew

Myth #06 · Diagnosis & staging

A normal blood count rules out lymphoma?

రక్త కణాల లెక్క మామూలుగా ఉంటే లింఫోమా లేనట్టేనా?

Many people with lymphoma have completely normal blood counts, especially early or in localised disease.

Read the facts

LymphomaNew

Myth #07 · Diagnosis & staging

FNAC alone can reliably diagnose every lymphoma?

ఎఫ్‌ఎన్‌ఏసీ ఒక్కటే ప్రతి లింఫోమానూ నమ్మకంగా నిర్ధారించగలదా?

A fine needle test (FNAC) may suggest lymphoma, but doctors usually need a larger sample, a core or whole-node biopsy, to classify it accurately.

Read the facts

LymphomaNew

Myth #08 · Diagnosis & staging

All lymphomas are the same cancer?

అన్ని లింఫోమాలూ ఒకే క్యాన్సరా?

Lymphoma includes many different types. Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma and T-cell lymphomas differ greatly.

Read the facts

LymphomaNew

Myth #09 · Diagnosis & staging

A lymph node that lights up on PET always means cancer?

పెట్ స్కాన్‌లో వెలిగే లింఫ్ గ్రంథి అంటే ఎప్పుడూ క్యాన్సరేనా?

Infections, TB and inflammation can also light up on a PET scan. PET findings must be read alongside the examination and biopsy results.

Read the facts

LymphomaNew

Myth #10 · Diagnosis & staging

Stage IV lymphoma means the disease is incurable?

నాలుగో దశ లింఫోమా అంటే జబ్బు నయం కాదా?

Unlike many solid cancers, advanced-stage lymphoma can still be curable. Hodgkin lymphoma and several aggressive lymphomas remain curable even at stage IV.

Read the facts

Multiple myelomaNew

Myth #06 · Diagnosis & investigations

A normal calcium level rules out multiple myeloma?

కాల్షియం స్థాయి మామూలుగా ఉంటే మల్టిపుల్ మైలోమా లేనట్టేనా?

Many people with myeloma have normal calcium levels. High calcium is only one possible sign of active myeloma.

Read the facts

Multiple myelomaNew

Myth #07 · Diagnosis & investigations

A normal X-ray means the bones are healthy and myeloma is excluded?

ఎక్స్-రే మామూలుగా ఉంటే ఎముకలు ఆరోగ్యంగా ఉన్నట్టు, మైలోమా లేనట్టేనా?

Plain X-rays can miss early bone damage. Whole-body low-dose CT, MRI or PET-CT can show changes that X-rays can't.

Read the facts

Multiple myelomaNew

Myth #08 · Diagnosis & investigations

A normal routine blood test excludes myeloma?

మామూలు రక్త పరీక్ష మామూలుగా ఉంటే మైలోమా లేనట్టేనా?

Routine blood counts and kidney tests can be normal in some people. Specific tests include serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation and serum free light chains.

Read the facts

Multiple myelomaNew

Myth #09 · Diagnosis & investigations

Finding an abnormal protein in the blood always means cancer that needs treatment?

రక్తంలో అసాధారణ ప్రోటీన్ కనిపిస్తే అది ఎప్పుడూ చికిత్స అవసరమైన క్యాన్సరేనా?

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and some cases of smouldering myeloma don't need immediate treatment. Risk assessment and monitoring are essential.

Read the facts

Multiple myelomaNew

Myth #10 · Diagnosis & investigations

A bone marrow biopsy is unnecessary if blood tests suggest myeloma?

రక్త పరీక్షలు మైలోమాను సూచిస్తే ఎముక మజ్జ బయాప్సీ అవసరం లేదా?

A bone marrow examination is generally essential to confirm and classify myeloma, measure how many plasma cells there are, and carry out genetic risk tests.

Read the facts

Brain, bone and children

మెదడు, ఎముకలు, పిల్లల క్యాన్సర్లు · 17 myths

Brain tumoursNew

Myth #06 · Symptoms & diagnosis

Every headache means a brain tumour?

ప్రతి తలనొప్పీ మెదడు గడ్డకు సంకేతమా?

Most headaches have nothing to do with brain tumours. Headaches that keep getting worse, especially with other neurological symptoms, need a doctor's check.

Read the facts

Brain tumoursNew

Myth #07 · Symptoms & diagnosis

Brain tumours always cause severe headaches?

మెదడు గడ్డలు ఎప్పుడూ తీవ్రమైన తలనొప్పులు తెస్తాయా?

Some brain tumours cause no headache at all. A seizure, weakness, behaviour change, vision problems or poor balance may be the first sign.

Read the facts

Brain tumoursNew

Myth #08 · Symptoms & diagnosis

A person with a brain tumour will always become unconscious or paralysed?

మెదడు గడ్డ ఉన్నవారు ఎప్పుడూ స్పృహ కోల్పోతారా లేదా పక్షవాతానికి గురవుతారా?

Many people with a brain tumour stay fully alert and able to carry on with daily life, especially early on.

Read the facts

Brain tumoursNew

Myth #09 · Symptoms & diagnosis

A seizure always means epilepsy, not a brain tumour?

ఫిట్స్ అంటే ఎప్పుడూ మూర్ఛ వ్యాధేనా, మెదడు గడ్డ కాదా?

Seizures have many causes. A first seizure, especially in an adult, needs a proper neurological check, usually including a brain scan.

Read the facts

Brain tumoursNew

Myth #10 · Symptoms & diagnosis

A normal CT scan completely rules out a brain tumour?

సీటీ స్కాన్ నార్మల్ వస్తే మెదడు గడ్డ పూర్తిగా లేనట్లేనా?

An MRI scan, with contrast dye when needed, is usually better than CT at finding and describing many brain tumours.

Read the facts

Brain tumoursNew

Myth #23 · Symptoms & diagnosis

Repeated early-morning vomiting in a child is just acidity or worms?

పిల్లల్లో తెల్లవారుజామున మళ్లీ మళ్లీ వాంతులంటే కేవలం ఎసిడిటీ లేదా పురుగులేనా?

Vomiting on waking, day after day, especially with headache, unsteady walking or a head tilt, can be a sign of raised pressure in the brain. The child needs a doctor’s examination and often a brain scan.

Read the facts

Brain tumoursNew

Myth #24 · Symptoms & diagnosis

A new squint in a child is only an eye problem?

పిల్లల్లో కొత్తగా వచ్చిన మెల్లకన్ను కేవలం కంటి సమస్యేనా?

A squint that appears suddenly, or comes with headache, vomiting or a head tilt, can be caused by raised pressure in the brain or a tumour pressing on a nerve. It needs an eye and nerve examination, not just glasses.

Read the facts

Brain tumoursNew

Myth #31 · Symptoms & diagnosis

Putting keys or iron in the hand, or making the person smell a shoe or onion, stops a seizure?

చేతిలో తాళాలు లేదా ఇనుము పెట్టడం, చెప్పు లేదా ఉల్లిపాయ వాసన చూపించడం ఫిట్స్ ఆపుతాయా?

These do not stop a seizure. Most seizures stop on their own within a few minutes; the helper’s job is to keep the person safe and time it.

Read the facts

Brain tumoursNew

Myth #32 · Symptoms & diagnosis

Every ring-shaped lump in the brain on a scan is TB or a worm cyst?

స్కాన్‌లో మెదడులో కనిపించే ప్రతి ఉంగరం ఆకారపు గడ్డా టీబీ లేదా పురుగు తిత్తేనా?

Tuberculosis and worm cysts (neurocysticercosis) are common causes of ring-shaped lesions in India, but tumours, spread from cancer elsewhere, lymphoma and abscesses can look similar. Some need a biopsy before treatment.

Read the facts

Bone & soft tissue sarcomasNew

Myth #06 · Diagnosis

If an X-ray looks normal, bone cancer is completely ruled out?

ఎక్స్‌రే నార్మల్‌గా కనిపిస్తే ఎముక క్యాన్సర్ పూర్తిగా లేనట్లేనా?

An X-ray is the right first test, but if symptoms persist, an MRI and a specialist opinion may still be needed.

Read the facts

Bone & soft tissue sarcomasNew

Myth #07 · Diagnosis

Every bone swelling is an infection or tuberculosis?

ప్రతి ఎముక వాపూ ఇన్‌ఫెక్షన్ లేదా టీబీయేనా?

Ewing sarcoma can look very like a bone infection, in symptoms and on X-ray. Swelling that persists or behaves unusually needs specialist assessment, and sometimes a biopsy.

Read the facts

Bone & soft tissue sarcomasNew

Myth #08 · Diagnosis

A soft tissue lump is harmless if it doesn't hurt?

నొప్పి లేకపోతే మెత్తటి కణజాలంలో గడ్డ ప్రమాదం లేనిదా?

Sarcomas often grow without pain. A lump that is growing, deep or otherwise suspicious should be checked.

Read the facts

Bone & soft tissue sarcomasNew

Myth #09 · Diagnosis

Any surgeon can remove a suspicious lump first and test it later?

ఏ సర్జన్ అయినా అనుమానాస్పద గడ్డను ముందు తీసేసి తర్వాత పరీక్షించవచ్చా?

Removing a sarcoma without planning can spread cancer cells into surrounding tissue and make the final operation much bigger. Suspicious lumps should be assessed by a sarcoma team before any biopsy or removal.

Read the facts

Bone & soft tissue sarcomasNew

Myth #10 · Diagnosis

A biopsy makes bone cancer spread throughout the body?

బయాప్సీ వల్ల ఎముక క్యాన్సర్ శరీరమంతా వ్యాపిస్తుందా?

A carefully planned, image-guided core needle biopsy is generally safe. The needle's path is chosen so that it can be removed during the final operation.

Read the facts

Bone & soft tissue sarcomasNew

Myth #22 · Diagnosis

If antibiotics relieve the bone pain, cancer is ruled out?

యాంటీబయాటిక్స్‌తో ఎముక నొప్పి తగ్గితే క్యాన్సర్ లేనట్లేనా?

Temporary improvement doesn't rule out cancer. Pain or swelling that persists or comes back needs a fresh assessment.

Read the facts

Bone & soft tissue sarcomasNew

Myth #26 · Diagnosis

A fast-growing tumour must be more dangerous than a slow-growing one?

వేగంగా పెరిగే గడ్డ నెమ్మదిగా పెరిగే దానికంటే తప్పనిసరిగా ఎక్కువ ప్రమాదకరమా?

Growth speed alone can't tell how dangerous a tumour is. Some malignant sarcomas grow quite slowly.

Read the facts

Bone & soft tissue sarcomasNew

Myth #32 · Diagnosis

If a needle test (FNAC) says a lump is not cancer, sarcoma is ruled out?

సూది పరీక్ష (ఎఫ్‌ఎన్‌ఏసీ) గడ్డ క్యాన్సర్ కాదని చెబితే, సార్కోమా లేనట్టేనా?

A fine needle test takes only a few cells and often misses sarcoma. A suspicious lump needs a scan and a core needle biopsy, read by a specialist pathologist.

Read the facts

More topics:

Symptoms and warning signs Treatment and side effects Causes, risk and prevention Life after cancer and advanced care All Myth Busters

Have a myth you'd like Dr. Haritha to answer? Send it on WhatsApp. Educational information is general and cannot replace an individualised clinical consultation.

ఈ పేజీని ఫోన్‌లో తెలుగు, ఇంగ్లీష్‌లో చదవడానికి లేదా వాట్సాప్‌లో పంపడానికి స్కాన్ చేయండి

Scan to read this page in Telugu and English, or share it on WhatsApp

drharitha.co.in/myth-busters/topics/tests-and-diagnosis

Dr. Haritha Chiramana, MD, DM · Senior Medical Oncologist & Hemato-Oncologist · C.R. Reddy Cancer Center, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India · 0861 232 5344 · General information; not a substitute for your own doctor’s advice.